Effectiveness of Demonstration and Self-Instructional Module of Bandaging Techniques among Students of 12th Class of Selected School: An Evaluatory Study

Abstract

Introduction: Bandaging is a fundamental practical skill. However, students often face challenges in acquiring proper technique and confidence. Structured teaching methods, including demonstration and the use of Self-Instructional Modules (SIM), can help bridge this gap and enhance skill development among students. Methodology: An evaluatory research design (post-test only, without a control group) with a quantitative approach was used. A total of 31 students from the 12th class were selected through non-probability consecutive sampling. A pilot study established tool reliability, with a Karl Pearson’s coefficient (r = 0.8341).Written permission and informed consent were obtained before data collection. Socio-demographic data were gathered. The intervention included demonstration of various bandaging techniques and distribution of a SIM. Post-tests were administered on the 4th, 8th, and 12th days, with reinforcement demonstrations after each test. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: A significant improvement in students’ skills was observed across the three post-tests (p < 0.001). Comparisons between Post-tests 1 & 2, 2 & 3, and 1 & 3 showed statistically significant differences. Thus, the research hypothesis (H₁) was accepted, and the null hypothesis (H₀) was rejected. No significant association was found between post-test scores and demographic variables; hence, H₀₂ was accepted and H₂ rejected. Conclusion: Demonstration of techniques such as circular bandage, spiral, reverse spiral, figure-of-eight, finger bandage, and arm sling proved highly effective. The SIM supported self-learning and acted as a reference tool. The study concludes that combining demonstration with SIM enhances skill development in students.